@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xml: <http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-D85EE1EB7C667C5BCEC3C8EC9D453C58 a owl:Restriction;
  owl:onProperty <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/hasFirstStep>;
  owl:someValuesFrom <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/situation.owl#isSettingFor> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "is setting for"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a situation and something that situation is a setting for."@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/situation.owl#Situation>;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/situation.owl#> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-51A1B4E163704E0A699302C0B29AB6C0 a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#IndividualPropertyAtom>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#argument1> <urn:swrl#sj>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#argument2> <urn:swrl#r>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#propertyPredicate> <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/produces> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-1DB93BF77A17EA83738E710C1921BF3D a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#DatavaluedPropertyAtom>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#argument1> <urn:swrl#si>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#argument2> "A step cannot need a resource that will be produced by a following step";
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#propertyPredicate> <http://www.essepuntato.it/2009/10/error/hasError> .

<http://www.essepuntato.it/2009/10/error/hasError> a owl:DatatypeProperty;
  rdfs:label "has error"@en;
  rdfs:range xsd:string;
  rdfs:comment "A kind of error resulting from a resource.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/error/> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Workflow> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "workflow"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A sequence of connected steps, representing a sequence of publishing operations undertaken by agents. A workflow may be seen as an abstract model of real work."@en;
  rdfs:subClassOf _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-D85EE1EB7C667C5BCEC3C8EC9D453C58,
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplandescription.owl#Plan>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-workflow a pwo:Workflow ;
        pwo:hasFirstStep :step-one ;
        pwo:hasStep
            :step-one ,
            :step-two ,
            :step-three .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo> a owl:Ontology;
  rdfs:label "Publishing Workflow Ontology (PWO)"@en;
  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator> "Aldo Gangemi (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5568-2684)",
    "David Shotton (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5506-523X)", "Silvio Peroni (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-4305)";
  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor> "Sebastian Barzaghi (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-1527)";
  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/date> "2026-08-14";
  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description> """
The **_Publishing Workflow Ontology (PWO)_** is a simple ontology written in OWL 2 DL for the characterization of the main stages in the workflow associated with the publication of a document (e.g. being written, under review, XML capture, page design, publication to the Web).

PWO is based on two main classes: `pwo:Workflow` and `pwo:Step`.

`pwo:Workflow` is a subclass of `plandesc:Plan` and represents a sequence of connected tasks (i.e., steps, by using the property `pwo:hasFirstStep` and `pwo:hasStep`, which are ordered by means of `pwo:hasNextStep`). 
We can use the class `pwo:WorkflowExecution` to represent the aggregate of the actions (`pwo:Action`) executed in the steps defined in a workflow. 
We can then abstract from the execution of individual steps, by saying that a certain workflow execution executes a workflow.

![The architecture of PWO.](pwo.png)

The other main class of PWO is `pwo:Step`. 
A step is an atomic unit of a workflow, and subclass of `taskrole:Task`; it is characterised by (required) temporal parameters (`parameter:hasParameter`) describing the expected duration (`time:DurationDescription`) of executed actions, and it is associated with one or more (time-indexed) executed actions by using the property `pwo:involvesAction`. 
A workflow step usually involves some input information (i.e., `pwo:needs`), material or energy needed to complete the step, and some output information (i.e., `pwo:produces`), material or energy produced by that step. 
In the case of a publishing workflow, a step typically results in the creation of a publication entity, usually by the modification of another pre-existing publication entity, e.g. the creation of an edited paper from a rough draft, or of an HTML representation from an XML document.

## Examples of use

In the following subsections, we introduce some examples to showcase how to use PWO. 

The prefixes that are used in all the examples provided below are defined as follows:

    @prefix : <http://www.sparontologies.net/example/> .
    @prefix pwo: <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/> .
    @prefix time: <http://www.w3.org/2006/time#> .
    @prefix fabio: <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/> .
    @prefix pso: <http://purl.org/spar/pso/> .
    @prefix c4o: <http://purl.org/spar/c4o/> .
    @prefix frbr: <http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#> .
    @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
    @prefix tisit: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#> .
    @prefix taskex: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#> .
    @prefix ti: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#> .
    @prefix part: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#> .
    @prefix tvc: <http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc/> .
    @prefix swj: <http://semantic-web-journal.com/sejp/> .
    @prefix swj-node: <http://semantic-web-journal.com/sejp/node/> .
    @prefix cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/> .
    @prefix parameter: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/parameter.owl#> .
    @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

### Describing the publishing workflow

From the publisher's perspective, the first step of any workflow leading to a new journal publication starts with a formal submission of a manuscript written by someone, hereinafter the author. 
This activity expresses, at the same time, interest on the topics of the journal, and may acknowledge, indirectly, the quality of the journal itself – since authors (usually) would like to publish articles in a venue that they consider respectful and qualitatively worth for different reasons (e.g., appropriateness of topic, quality of reviews, journal impact factor, definite timing of the publishing process). 
Then, in the next step, i.e., the reviewing phase, the person (designated by the publisher) in charge of the quality of submitted material, hereinafter the editor, invites other people (hereinafter the reviewers) to assess the quality of the submitted manuscript. 
The opinions returned by the reviewers are the fundamental input that the editor uses to decide upon the fate of the manuscript during the next step, i.e., the decision phase. 
Finally, if the manuscript has been considered worth of publication in the present form, the editor will acknowledge the author of the acceptance of his/her work – and the next steps of the workflow will be in charge of the publisher itself.

    :workflow a pwo:Workflow ;
        pwo:hasFirstStep :step-one ;
        pwo:hasStep
            :step-one ,
            :step-two ,
            :step-three .

    :step-one a pwo:Step ;
        pwo:hasNextStep :step-two ;
        taskex:isExecutedIn :submission-action ;
        pwo:needs swj-node:432 ;
        pwo:produces :submitted-status .

    :step-two a pwo:Step ;
        pwo:hasNextStep :step-three ;
        parameter:hasParameter :review-time-constraint ;
        taskex:isExecutedIn
            :reviewing-action ,
            :reviews-notification-sending-action ;
        pwo:needs 
            swj-node:432 , 
            :submitted-status ;
        pwo:produces
            :review-1 ,
            :review-2 ,
            :under-review-status ,
            :reviewed-status.

    :review-time-constraint a time:DurationDescription ;
        time:weeks \"5\"^^xsd:decimal .

    :step-three a pwo:Step ;
        taskex:isExecutedIn
            :decision-action ,
            :notification-action ;
        pwo:needs
            swj-node:432 ,
            :review-1 ,
            :review-2 ;
        pwo:produces
            :minor-revision-status ,
            :decision-letter .

    :workflow-execution a pwo:WorkflowExecution ;
        pwo:executes :workflow ;
        pwo:involvesAction 
            :submission-action ,
            :reviewing-action ,
            :reviews-notification-sending-action ,
            :decision-action ,
            :notification-action .     

    :submission-action a pwo:Action ;
        dcterms:description 'Paolo Ciccarese submits the paper' ;
        tisit:atTime :submission-time ;
        part:hasParticipant
            swj:paolo-ciccarese ,
            swj-node:432 .

    :submission-time a ti:TimeInterval ;
        ti:hasIntervalStartDate
            '2013-01-21T10:08:28'^^xsd:dateTime ;
        ti:hasIntervalEndDate
            '2013-01-21T10:08:28'^^xsd:dateTime .

    :submitted-status a pso:StatusInTime ;
        pso:isStatusHeldBy swj-node:432 ;
        pso:isAcquiredAsConsequenceOf :submission-action ;
        pso:withStatus pso:submitted ;
        tvc:atTime :submitted-time .

    :submitted-time a ti:TimeInterval ;
        ti:hasIntervalStartDate
            '2013-01-21T10:08:28'^^xsd:dateTime .               

    :reviewing-action a pwo:Action ;
        dcterms:description 'Reviewers review the manuscript' ;
        tisit:atTime :reviewing-time ;
        part:hasParticipant
            swj:csaba-veres ,
            swj:fernando-naufel-do-amaral ,
            swj-node:432 .

    :reviewing-time a ti:TimeInterval ;
        ti:hasIntervalStartDate
            '2013-02-26T12:00:07'^^xsd:dateTime ;
        ti:hasIntervalEndDate
            '2013-04-01T05:53:24'^^xsd:dateTime .

    :reviews-notification-sending-action a pwo:Action ;
        dcterms:description
            'The reviews are sent to the editor, i.e., Giancarlo Guizzardi' ;
        tisit:atTime :reviews-time ;
        part:hasParticipant
            swj:csaba-veres ,
            swj:fernando-naufel-do-amaral ,
            :review-1 ,
            :review-2 ,
            swj:giancarlo-guizzardi .

    :reviews-time a ti:TimeInterval ;
        ti:hasIntervalStartDate
            '2013-03-14T11:16:34'^^xsd:dateTime ;
        ti:hasIntervalEndDate
            '2013-04-01T05:53:24'^^xsd:dateTime .

    :review-1 a fabio:Comment ;
        frbr:realizationOf [ a fabio:Review ] ;
        cito:reviews swj-node:432 ;
        frbr:realizer swj:csaba-veres ;
        c4o:hasContent
            'The paper addresses a very practical...' .

    :review-2 a fabio:Comment ;
        frbr:realizationOf [ a fabio:Review ] ;
        cito:reviews swj-node:432 ;
        frbr:realizer swj:fernando-naufel-do-amaral ;
        c4o:hasContent
            'The paper presents the Collection Ontology (CO)...' .

    :under-review-status a pso:StatusInTime ;
        pso:isStatusHeldBy swj-node:432 ;
        pso:isAcquiredAsConsequenceOf :reviewing-action ;
        pso:isLostAsConsequenceOf
        :reviews-notification-sending-action ;
        pso:withStatus pso:under-review ;
        tvc:atTime :under-review-time .

    :under-review-time a ti:TimeInterval ;
        ti:hasIntervalStartDate
            '2013-02-26T12:00:07'^^xsd:dateTime ;
        ti:hasIntervalEndDate
            '2013-04-01T05:53:24'^^xsd:dateTime .

    :reviewed-status a pso:StatusInTime ;
        pso:isStatusHeldBy swj-node:432 ;
        pso:isAcquiredAsConsequenceOf
        :reviews-notification-sending-action ;
        pso:withStatus pso:reviewed ;
        tvc:atTime :reviewed-time .

    :reviewed-time a ti:TimeInterval ;
        ti:hasIntervalStartDate
            '2013-04-01T05:53:24'^^xsd:dateTime .        

    :decision-action a pwo:Action ;
        dcterms:description 'The editor decides for acceptance or not' ;
        tisit:atTime :decision-time ;
        part:hasParticipant
            swj:giancarlo-guizzardi ,
            :review-1 ,
            :review-2 ,
            swj-node:432 .

    :decision-time a ti:TimeInterval ;
        ti:hasIntervalStartDate
            '2013-04-01T05:53:24'^^xsd:dateTime ;
        ti:hasIntervalEndDate
            '2013-06-10T17:47:53'^^xsd:dateTime .

    :notification-action a pwo:Action ;
        dcterms:description
            'The editor notifies his decision to the corresponding
            author (i.e., Paolo Ciccarese).' ;
        tisit:atTime :notification-time ;
        part:hasParticipant
            swj:giancarlo-guizzardi ,
            :decision-letter ,
            :review-1 ,
            :review-2 ,
            swj:paolo-ciccarese ,
            swj-node:432 .

    :notification-time a ti:TimeInterval ;
        ti:hasIntervalStartDate
            '2013-06-10T17:47:53'^^xsd:dateTime ;
        ti:hasIntervalEndDate
            '2013-06-10T17:47:53'^^xsd:dateTime .

    :decision-letter a fabio:Letter , fabio:Email ;
        frbr:realizationOf [ a fabio:Opinion ] ;
        cito:citesAsRelated swj-node:432 ;
        frbr:realizer swj:giancarlo-guizzardi ;
        c4o:hasContent
            'Dear authors, Thank you for your interest in...' .

    :minor-revision-status a pso:StatusInTime ;
        pso:isStatusHeldBy swj-node:432 ;
        pso:isAcquiredAsConsequenceOf :decision-action ;
        pso:withStatus swj:minorRevision ;
        tvc:atTime :minor-revision-time .

    :minor-revision-time a ti:TimeInterval ;
        ti:hasIntervalStartDate
            '2013-06-10T17:47:53'^^xsd:dateTime .

## Competency Questions

PWO can be used for answering several questions related to publication workflows.
In the following subsections, some of them are introduced together with their respective SPARQL queries. 

The prefixes that are used in all the SPARQL queries provided below are defined as follows:

    PREFIX pwo: <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>
    PREFIX taskex: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#>
    PREFIX part: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#>
    PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
    PREFIX frbr: <http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#>
    PREFIX tisit: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#>
    PREFIX ti: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#>

### CQ1

What is the ordered sequence of steps in a workflow, including their required inputs and produced outputs?

    SELECT ?workflow ?step ?nextStep ?requiredInput ?producedOutput
    WHERE {
        ?workflow a pwo:Workflow ;
            pwo:hasStep ?step .
        ?step a pwo:Step .
        OPTIONAL { ?step pwo:hasNextStep ?nextStep . }
        OPTIONAL { ?step pwo:needs ?requiredInput . }
        OPTIONAL { ?step pwo:produces ?producedOutput . }
    }

### CQ2

Which actions execute a workflow step, and who or what participates in them?

    SELECT ?step ?action ?actionDescription ?participant
    WHERE {
        ?step a pwo:Step ;
            taskex:isExecutedIn ?action .
        ?action a pwo:Action .
        OPTIONAL { ?action dcterms:description ?actionDescription . }
        OPTIONAL { ?action part:hasParticipant ?participant . }
    }

### CQ3

What are the start and end times of actions involved in a workflow execution?

    SELECT ?workflowExecution ?action ?startDate ?endDate
    WHERE {
        ?workflowExecution a pwo:WorkflowExecution ;
            pwo:involvesAction ?action .
        ?action tisit:atTime ?timeInterval .
        OPTIONAL { ?timeInterval ti:hasIntervalStartDate ?startDate . }
        OPTIONAL { ?timeInterval ti:hasIntervalEndDate ?endDate . }
    }

"""@en;
  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "The Publishing Workflow Ontology (PWO)";
  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/bibliographicCitation> "Gangemi, A., Peroni, S., Shotton, D., Vitali, F. (2014). The Publishing Workflow Ontology (PWO). In Semantic Web, 8 (5): 703-718. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3233/SW-160230. Open Access at: http://www.semantic-web-journal.net/system/files/swj1301.pdf";
  owl:imports <http://purl.org/spar/error>, <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplan.owl>,
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/controlflow.owl>, <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl>,
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/sequence.owl>, <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl>,
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl>, <http://www.w3.org/2006/time>;
  owl:backwardCompatibleWith <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/2017-06-01>;
  owl:priorVersion <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/2017-06-01>;
  owl:versionIRI <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/2026-08-14>;
  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/created> "2016-03-14";
  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/issued> "2017-06-01";
  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/modified> "2026-08-14";
  <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/doi> "https://doi.org/10.25504/FAIRsharing.c4e46c";
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespacePrefix> "pwo"@en;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespaceUri> "http://purl.org/spar/pwo"@en;
  rdfs:seeAlso <http://www.sparontologies.net/ontologies/pwo>;
  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/license> <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/>;
  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/publisher> <https://ror.org/00wb4mk85>;
  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/source> <https://github.com/sparontologies/pwo/docs/cq.md>;
  <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/logo> <https://github.com/SPAROntologies/pwo/blob/master/spar.png>;
  <https://schema.org/codeRepository> <https://github.com/SPAROntologies/pwo>;
  <https://schema.org/includedInDataCatalog> <https://fairsharing.org/>;
  <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/status> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/status/published>;
  owl:versionInfo "2.5.0";
  <https://schema.org/keywords> "semantic publishing"@en, "scholarly publishing"@en,
    "publishing workflows"@en, "scientometrics"@en, "bibliometrics"@en;
  <https://schema.org/image> <https://github.com/SPAROntologies/pwo/blob/master/docs/current/pwo.png>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/changes> """
* **v2.5.0**: added new documentation, including annotation properties (e.g., `bibo:doi`, `schema:codeRepository`, etc.), term properties (e.g., `vann:example`, `vs:term_status`, etc.), exemplary competency questions with their respective SPARQL queries, and a Grafoo diagram.
    """@en .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#TimeInterval> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "time interval"@en;
  rdfs:comment "Two (starting and ending) points in time that define a particular period of time.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isExecutedBy> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "is executed by";
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a workflow description and the related workflow execution.";
  rdfs:subPropertyOf <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplan.owl#isSatisfiedBy>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-workflow a pwo:Workflow ;
        pwo:isExecutedBy :my-workflow-execution .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplan.owl#satisfies> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "satisfies"@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/situation.owl#Situation>;
  rdfs:comment "A relation between a situation and a description.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplan.owl#> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/hasFirstStep> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "has first step"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a workflow and its first step."@en;
  rdfs:range _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-91448B058E0F481E64F71FE940D52758;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/hasStep>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-workflow a pwo:Workflow ;
        pwo:hasFirstStep :step-one .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/happened> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "happened"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between an event and the interval when it happened."@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#Event>;
  rdfs:range <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#TimeInterval>;
  owl:inverseOf <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isIntervalFor>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-event 
        pwo:happened :my-event-time .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/WorkflowExecution> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "workflow execution"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The aggregate of actions executed in the steps defined in a workflow."@en;
  rdfs:subClassOf _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-AA2DBE3A0D135E87164D44DFFA9CFAA2,
    _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-A60D8F437D3C424706BBD6D126528FBA, <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplanexecution.owl#PlanExecution>,
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#TimeIndexedSituation>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-workflow-execution a pwo:WorkflowExecution ;
        pwo:executes :my-workflow ;
        pwo:involvesAction 
            :my-action ,
            :my-another-action .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/hasNextStep> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "has next step"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a step in a workflow and the step that directly follows it."@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step>;
  rdfs:range <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step>;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/sequence.owl#directlyPrecedes>;
  owl:inverseOf <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/hasPreviousStep>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :step-one a pwo:Step ;
        pwo:hasNextStep :step-two .

    :step-two a pwo:Step ;
        pwo:hasNextStep :step-three .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isProducedBy> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "is produced by"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between something and the workflow step or an event (e.g. an action executing a workflow step) that produces, creates or results in that thing."@en;
  owl:inverseOf <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/produces>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :step-one a pwo:Step ;
        pwo:hasNextStep :step-two .

    :my-output 
        pwo:isProducedBy :step-one .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "step"@en;
  rdfs:comment "An atomic unit of a workflow, that may be characterized by a starting time and an ending time, and may be associated with one or more events.  A workflow step usually involves some input information, material or energy needed to complete the step, and some output information, material or energy produced by that step.  In the case of a publishing workflow, a step typically results in the creation of a publication entity, usually by the modification of another pre-existing publication entity, e.g. the creation of an edited paper from a rough draft, or of an HTML representation from an XML mark-up."@en;
  rdfs:subClassOf _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-426001FC63FF2BF52EAF799F035E6EB4,
    _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-92595CDB8C4B760724E254721190D904, _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-BF9EDC590CC708563B563CCE6AEE88DC,
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskrole.owl#Task>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :step-one a pwo:Step ;
        pwo:hasNextStep :step-two ;
        taskex:isExecutedIn :my-action ;
        pwo:needs :my-draft ;
        pwo:produces :my-output .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-BF9EDC590CC708563B563CCE6AEE88DC a owl:Restriction;
  owl:allValuesFrom <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Workflow>;
  owl:onProperty <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplandescription.owl#isTaskDefinedIn> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-490F587BBA51DA36942928C479BB3997 rdf:first
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#Event>;
  rdf:rest rdf:nil .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/hasStep> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "has step"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a workflow and a component step."@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Workflow>;
  rdfs:range <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step>;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplandescription.owl#definesTask>;
  owl:inverseOf <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isStepOf>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-workflow a pwo:Workflow ;
        pwo:hasFirstStep :step-one ;
        pwo:hasStep
            :step-one ,
            :step-two ,
            :step-three .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#Object> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "object"@en;
  rdfs:comment "Any physical, social, or mental object, or substance."@en;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#> .

<urn:swrl#r> a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#Variable> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-C16E72AA5700BDC572206DFF728FB5B9 rdf:first
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#Action>;
  rdf:rest rdf:nil .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#Event> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "event"@en;
  rdfs:comment "An event that may happen during a publishing process, such as writing a draft, sending a preprint, publishing a paper, etc.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/executes> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "executes"@en;
  rdfs:comment "This property allows to link a workflow execution to the related workflow description."@en;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplan.owl#satisfies>;
  owl:inverseOf <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isExecutedBy>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-workflow-execution a pwo:WorkflowExecution ;
        pwo:executes :my-workflow .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#isParticipantIn> a
    owl:ObjectProperty;
  owl:inverseOf <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#hasParticipant>;
  rdfs:label "has participant"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between an event and an object participating in that event."@en;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplan.owl#isSatisfiedBy> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "satisfies"@en;
  owl:inverseOf <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplan.owl#satisfies>;
  rdfs:comment "A relation between a description and a situation.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplan.owl#> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/produces> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "produces"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a workflow step or an event (e.g. an action executing a workflow step) and the thing that the step/event produces, creates or results in."@en;
  rdfs:domain _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-12441F3B3120DCBAE1B238F32DA1A54D;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :step-one a pwo:Step ;
        pwo:hasNextStep :step-two ;
        taskex:isExecutedIn :my-action ;
        pwo:produces :my-output . 
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-426001FC63FF2BF52EAF799F035E6EB4 a owl:Restriction;
  owl:allValuesFrom <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Action>;
  owl:onProperty <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#isExecutedIn> .

owl:versionInfo a owl:AnnotationProperty .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/hasPreviousStep> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "has previous step"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A relation between a step in a workflow and the step that directly precedes it."@en;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/sequence.owl#directlyFollows>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :step-two a pwo:Step ;
        pwo:hasPreviousStep :step-one .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-5A0EC517A1EA228DAE3C200ABC7F1EF0 rdf:first
    <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step>;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-B6BDEC8E2EBE9535B5FCB16F2159F6C7 .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-01825611CEE6E4E9D78A7BE80EBDE751 rdf:first
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#isExecutedIn>;
  rdf:rest rdf:nil .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskrole.owl#Task> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "task"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A piece of work to be done or undertaken.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskrole.owl#> .

<http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description> a owl:AnnotationProperty .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-12441F3B3120DCBAE1B238F32DA1A54D a owl:Class;
  owl:unionOf _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-426EA232F3C64698379485C8A6B274AE .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/involvesAction> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "involves action"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a particular execution of a workflow and an action."@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/WorkflowExecution>;
  rdfs:range <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Action>;
  owl:inverseOf <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isActionInvolvedIn>;
  owl:propertyChainAxiom _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-49AB04FE1730B8800033D99E2131815F;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-workflow-execution a pwo:WorkflowExecution ;
        pwo:executes :my-workflow ;
        pwo:involvesAction 
            :my-action ,
            :my-another-action .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-AC728A13CD83BF5B16C6F3D9A65D83F3 a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#AtomList>;
  rdf:first _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-9FFA9203707FDB4B9BCC1E4650A3BD48;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-C1DCD556A0546C893740374AB9FC225C .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-49AB04FE1730B8800033D99E2131815F rdf:first
    <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/executes>;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-3C2AE02D0B448118F9E61960DF69AA49 .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#atTime> a owl:FunctionalProperty,
    owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "at time"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A time interval during which something is happening."@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#TimeIndexedSituation>;
  rdfs:range <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#TimeInterval>;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/situation.owl#Situation> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "situation"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A view on a set of entities. It can be seen as a 'relational context', reifying a relation."@en;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/situation.owl#> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#TimeIndexedSituation>
  a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "time indexed situation"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A situation that is explicitly indexed at some time for at least one entity.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-91448B058E0F481E64F71FE940D52758 a owl:Class;
  owl:complementOf _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-81826FE429F6D1900B7136C2EC866EF6 .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-ED8392A6F5923576A870A6A1537B70E9 a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#IndividualPropertyAtom>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#argument1> <urn:swrl#si>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#argument2> <urn:swrl#sj>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#propertyPredicate> <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/sequence.owl#precedes> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#Action> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "action"@en;
  rdfs:comment "An event with at least one agent participating in it, and that executes a task.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplandescription.owl#isTaskDefinedIn>
  a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "is task defined in"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A relation between a task and its description."@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskrole.owl#Task>;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/parameter.owl#hasParameter> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "has parameter"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A relation between a concept and a parameter.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/parameter.owl#> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-A791C937A650F4677543CB57ACBF9911 a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#AtomList>;
  rdf:first _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-ED8392A6F5923576A870A6A1537B70E9;
  rdf:rest rdf:nil .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-AA2DBE3A0D135E87164D44DFFA9CFAA2 a owl:Restriction;
  owl:onProperty <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/involvesAction>;
  owl:someValuesFrom _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-12D405AD075F163CA7059A75E6C96058 .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-92595CDB8C4B760724E254721190D904 a owl:Restriction;
  owl:onClass <http://www.w3.org/2006/time#DurationDescription>;
  owl:onProperty <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/parameter.owl#hasParameter>;
  owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplandescription.owl#definesTask>
  a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "defines task"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A relation between a description and a task."@en;
  rdfs:range <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskrole.owl#Task>;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplandescription.owl#> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Action> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "action";
  rdfs:comment "An event with at least one agent that is participant in it and that is linked to a workflow execution and to a step of the related workflow description.";
  rdfs:subClassOf _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-2E7C1F66032CDA32CD2743B857E3698A,
    _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-EFF93F6AAFFAECB1BEB9EC3E4FAEE325;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-workflow-execution a pwo:WorkflowExecution ;
        pwo:executes :my-workflow ;
        pwo:involvesAction 
            :my-action .

    :my-action a pwo:Action ;
        dcterms:description 'John Doe submits the paper' ;
        tisit:atTime :my-action-time ;
        part:hasParticipant
            :my-person ,
            :my-draft .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-2E7C1F66032CDA32CD2743B857E3698A a owl:Restriction;
  owl:onProperty <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/happened>;
  owl:someValuesFrom <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#TimeInterval> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-39EF689C3057A8277F889B729BCD4FD1 a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#AtomList>;
  rdf:first _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-9853A86B0CA0C381E99DDFAAC51C57C0;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-BF530C663A1C45D8DB809BF4ACB3F7B1 .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#executesTask> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "executes task"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between an action and a task."@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#Action>;
  rdfs:range <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskrole.owl#Task>;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-A60D8F437D3C424706BBD6D126528FBA a owl:Restriction;
  owl:onProperty <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/executes>;
  owl:someValuesFrom <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Workflow> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-9853A86B0CA0C381E99DDFAAC51C57C0 a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#IndividualPropertyAtom>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#argument1> <urn:swrl#si>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#argument2> <urn:swrl#r>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#propertyPredicate> <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/needs> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#hasTimeIndexedSetting>
  a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "has time indexed setting"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between an entity and a time-indexed situation it is involved in."@en;
  rdfs:range <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#TimeIndexedSituation>;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isStepOf> a owl:FunctionalProperty, owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "is step of"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a step in a workflow and the workflow of which it is a component."@en;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplandescription.owl#isTaskDefinedIn>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-workflow a pwo:Workflow .

    :step-one 
        pwo:isStepOf :my-workflow .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#isExecutedIn> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "is executed in"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a task and an action."@en;
  owl:inverseOf <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#executesTask>;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplanexecution.owl#Action> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "action"@en;
  rdfs:comment "An event with at least one agent that participates in it, and that executes a task.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <hhttp://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplanexecution.owl#> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-BF530C663A1C45D8DB809BF4ACB3F7B1 a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#AtomList>;
  rdf:first _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-51A1B4E163704E0A699302C0B29AB6C0;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-A791C937A650F4677543CB57ACBF9911 .

<http://www.w3.org/2006/time#DurationDescription> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "duration description"@en;
  rdfs:comment "Description of temporal extent structured with separate values for the various elements of a calendar-clock system.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/2006/time#> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/needs> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "needs"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a workflow step or an event (e.g. an action executing a workflow step) and anything required to undertake that step/event."@en;
  rdfs:domain _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-79B09612AFE62A5716C68D0BF52944B2;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :step-one a pwo:Step ;
        pwo:hasNextStep :step-two ;
        taskex:isExecutedIn :my-action ;
        pwo:needs :my-draft . 
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isNeededBy> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "is needed by"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a thing required to undertake a workflow step or an event (e.g. an action executing a workflow step) and the step/event itself."@en;
  owl:inverseOf <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/needs>;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :step-one a pwo:Step ;
        pwo:hasNextStep :step-two ;
        taskex:isExecutedIn :my-action .
    
    :my-draft 
        pwo:isNeededBy :step-one . 
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-6D413722D7F74B1931694087A7DAEB4C a owl:Restriction;
  owl:onProperty <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#executesTask>;
  owl:someValuesFrom <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplanexecution.owl#PlanExecution>
  a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "plan execution"@en;
  rdfs:comment "An event with at least one agent participating in it, and that executes a task.";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplanexecution.owl#> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplandescription.owl#Plan> a owl:Class;
  rdfs:label "plan"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A description having an explicit goal to be achieved by executing tasks."@en;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplandescription.owl#> .

<http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> a owl:AnnotationProperty .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-B6BDEC8E2EBE9535B5FCB16F2159F6C7 rdf:first
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#Event>;
  rdf:rest rdf:nil .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-5722317785B0FAB2AD3B0B1CF69F9127 rdf:first
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#executesTask>;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-2754149E96DA3750969157438F181F04 .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-81826FE429F6D1900B7136C2EC866EF6 a owl:Restriction;
  owl:onProperty <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/hasPreviousStep>;
  owl:someValuesFrom <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-67BC45F4F9E8020CD691EC7734A8B413 rdf:first
    _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-6D413722D7F74B1931694087A7DAEB4C;
  rdf:rest rdf:nil .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-C1DCD556A0546C893740374AB9FC225C a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#AtomList>;
  rdf:first _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-114CE5F321DBE8F37E6CCF8BBFE895A0;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-39EF689C3057A8277F889B729BCD4FD1 .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/sequence.owl#directlyFollows> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "directly follows"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The intransitive follows relation. For example, Wednesday directly precedes Thursday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization."@en;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/sequence.owl#> .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isIntervalFor> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "is interval for"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between an interval describing when an event happened and the related event."@en;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> "";
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#forEntity>
  a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "for entity"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between a time-indexed situation and an entity involved in it."@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#TimeIndexedSituation>;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeindexedsituation.owl#> .

rdfs:label a owl:AnnotationProperty .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-1D83BB742098167162EB62314C855E85 rdf:first
    <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isExecutedBy>;
  rdf:rest rdf:nil .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-3C2AE02D0B448118F9E61960DF69AA49 rdf:first
    <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/hasStep>;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-01825611CEE6E4E9D78A7BE80EBDE751 .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/sequence.owl#precedes> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "precedes"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. E.g. 'year 1999 precedes 2000', 'deciding what coffee to use' precedes 'preparing coffee', 'World War II follows World War I', 'in the Milan to Rome autoroute, Bologna precedes Florence', etc. It can then be used between tasks, processes, time intervals, spatially locate objects, situations, etc. Subproperties can be defined in order to distinguish the different uses."@en;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/sequence.owl#> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#hasParticipant> a
    owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "has participant"@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#Event>;
  rdfs:range <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#Object>;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between an event and an object participating in that event."@en;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#> .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/sequence.owl#directlyPrecedes> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "directly precedes"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The intransitive precedes relation. For example, Monday directly precedes Tuesday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization."@en;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/sequence.owl#> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-114CE5F321DBE8F37E6CCF8BBFE895A0 a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#ClassAtom>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#argument1> <urn:swrl#sj>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#classPredicate> <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-E12874E1A604177A02ED48E9335676FC rdf:first
    <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Action>;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-67BC45F4F9E8020CD691EC7734A8B413 .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-92DAE4833B10F49E3C7CA9DC0B92DDEC a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#Imp>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#body> _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-AC728A13CD83BF5B16C6F3D9A65D83F3;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#head> _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-FF75ABE4040B21A38B6E2E41AB9F83FE .

<http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isActionInvolvedIn> a owl:ObjectProperty;
  rdfs:label "is action involved in"@en;
  rdfs:comment "The relation between an event and a particular execution of a workflow description."@en;
  owl:propertyChainAxiom _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-5722317785B0FAB2AD3B0B1CF69F9127;
  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> """
    :my-workflow-execution a pwo:WorkflowExecution ;
        pwo:execute :my-workflow .

    :my-action 
        pwo:isActionInvolvedIn :my-workflow-execution .
    """;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .

<http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor> a owl:AnnotationProperty .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-EFF93F6AAFFAECB1BEB9EC3E4FAEE325 a owl:Class;
  owl:intersectionOf _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-467B078421008636A38710F21FC3006C .

<http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#hasIntervalDate> a
    owl:DatatypeProperty;
  rdfs:label "has interval date"@en;
  rdfs:comment "A date value assigned to a time interval."@en;
  rdfs:domain <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#TimeInterval>;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-467B078421008636A38710F21FC3006C rdf:first
    <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/basicplanexecution.owl#Action>;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-C16E72AA5700BDC572206DFF728FB5B9 .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-79B09612AFE62A5716C68D0BF52944B2 a owl:Class;
  owl:unionOf _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-5A0EC517A1EA228DAE3C200ABC7F1EF0 .

<http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/rights> a owl:AnnotationProperty .

<http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator> a owl:AnnotationProperty .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-12D405AD075F163CA7059A75E6C96058 a owl:Class;
  owl:intersectionOf _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-E12874E1A604177A02ED48E9335676FC .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-9FFA9203707FDB4B9BCC1E4650A3BD48 a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#ClassAtom>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#argument1> <urn:swrl#si>;
  <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#classPredicate> <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step> .

<urn:swrl#si> a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#Variable> .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-FF75ABE4040B21A38B6E2E41AB9F83FE a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#AtomList>;
  rdf:first _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-1DB93BF77A17EA83738E710C1921BF3D;
  rdf:rest rdf:nil .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-426EA232F3C64698379485C8A6B274AE rdf:first
    <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/Step>;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-490F587BBA51DA36942928C479BB3997 .

<http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/date> a owl:AnnotationProperty .

rdfs:comment a owl:AnnotationProperty .

_:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-2754149E96DA3750969157438F181F04 rdf:first
    <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/isStepOf>;
  rdf:rest _:genid-32bcfa2bb3d54030a1e0e8b5464777362594-1D83BB742098167162EB62314C855E85 .

<urn:swrl#sj> a <http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#Variable> .